Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A)
- Sample Type
- Standard
- Fasting
- No
- Unit
- mIU/mL
PAPP-A is a zinc-binding enzyme produced by the trophoblast (placenta) during pregnancy. In a Dual Marker screen (typically performed between weeks 11 and 14), PAPP-A levels are used alongside Free Beta-hCG to assess the statistical risk of chromosomal abnormalities, specifically Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) and Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18). It also serves as an early marker for placental health and potential late-pregnancy complications like preeclampsia.
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Enter your lab result to see where you stand compared to the standard reference range.
Why Context Matters
Accurate gestational age (via ultrasound CRL) is mandatory; being off by just a few days can render the result 'abnormal' when it is actually normal for that age. Levels are also lower in IVF pregnancies and higher in multiple gestations (twins).
Lab ranges are statistical averages, not biological laws. "Normal" for a 20-year-old male isn't normal for a 60-year-old female.
Clinical References
Source-of-truth databases and clinical guidelines for Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A):
Official Sources
- Current ACOG Guidance | ACOGacog.org
- Screening for Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 226 - PubMedpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Research & Guidelines
Related Indicators
Medically Reviewed by Dr. Binoy Babu, MBBS
Board Certified Doctor • 10+ Years Clinical Experience
Dr. Babu is a practicing physician dedicated to empowering patients with clear, actionable medical information. He founded 2opi to bridge the gap between complex lab reports and patient understanding, ensuring everyone has access to a reliable second opinion.
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