Serum Estradiol
- Sample Type
- Serum
- Fasting
- No
- Unit
- pg/mL
Function and Overview
Estradiol (E2) is the most potent and prevalent form of estrogen in the human body. In non-pregnant females, it is primarily produced by the ovaries, while in males, it is produced in small amounts by the testes and through the conversion of testosterone in peripheral tissues (adipose). It is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and maintenance of bone density in both sexes.
Why it is Ordered
Serum Estradiol testing is fundamental in reproductive medicine. It is ordered to:
- Assess ovarian function and egg reserve.
- Monitor follicular development during In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF).
- Investigate the cause of amenorrhea or abnormal menstrual bleeding.
- Diagnose symptoms of menopause (hot flashes, night sweats).
- Evaluate gynecomastia (breast tissue growth) in men.
- Monitor hormone replacement therapy or anti-estrogen treatment in breast cancer patients.
Associated Conditions
Abnormal levels are linked to several clinical states. High levels in women can indicate ovarian tumors, PCOS (rarely E2 alone), or hyperthyroidism. In men, high E2 can lead to feminization and fertility issues. Low levels are characteristic of menopause, Turner syndrome, or significant weight loss and extreme exercise (hypothalamic amenorrhea).
Check Your Result
Check Your Result
Enter your lab result to see where you stand compared to the standard reference range.
Why Context Matters
Estradiol levels fluctuate significantly throughout the day and the menstrual cycle; a single measurement without knowing the cycle day is often uninterpretable. Furthermore, Biotin (Vitamin B7) supplements can significantly interfere with the immunoassay used to measure E2, leading to falsely high or low results. Stress and certain medications like oral contraceptives or phenothiazines also confound results, necessitating a second opinion or repeat testing.
Lab ranges are statistical averages, not biological laws. "Normal" for a 20-year-old male isn't normal for a 60-year-old female.
Clinical References
Source-of-truth databases and clinical guidelines for Serum Estradiol:
Official Sources
Research & Guidelines
- PubMed: Serum Estradiol Clinical GuidelinesNCBI / PubMed
Related Indicators
Medically Reviewed by Dr. Binoy Babu, MBBS
Board Certified Doctor • 10+ Years Clinical Experience
Dr. Babu is a practicing physician dedicated to empowering patients with clear, actionable medical information. He founded 2opi to bridge the gap between complex lab reports and patient understanding, ensuring everyone has access to a reliable second opinion.
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