Specific Gravity
- Sample Type
- Standard
- Fasting
- No
- Unit
- ratio
Specific Gravity (SG) measures the concentration of particles (solutes) in the urine compared to distilled water. It assesses the kidneys' ability to concentrate or dilute urine, reflecting hydration status and renal tubular function. Within a Complete Urine Examination, SG provides context for other findings; for instance, a high SG makes trace protein more significant than if the urine were highly dilute.
Why Context Matters
Recent use of IV contrast media, high glucose (diabetes), or high protein levels can falsely elevate SG without reflecting true hydration or renal concentration capacity. It may require correlation with serum osmolality.
Lab ranges are statistical averages, not biological laws. "Normal" for a 20-year-old male isn't normal for a 60-year-old female.
Related Indicators
Medically Reviewed by Dr. Binoy Babu, MBBS
Board Certified Doctor • 10+ Years Clinical Experience
Dr. Babu is a practicing physician dedicated to empowering patients with clear, actionable medical information. He founded 2opi to bridge the gap between complex lab reports and patient understanding, ensuring everyone has access to a reliable second opinion.
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