Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
- Sample Type
- Standard
- Fasting
- No
- Unit
- mm/hr
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a non-specific marker of systemic inflammation. It measures how quickly red blood cells sink to the bottom of a tube of anticoagulated blood. In the presence of acute-phase reactants (like fibrinogen), RBCs aggregate into 'rouleaux' and fall faster. It is particularly useful for monitoring the activity of Temporal Arteritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and certain chronic infections or malignancies.
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Why Context Matters
ESR is highly sensitive but lacks specificity. It is affected by age, sex, pregnancy, and anemia. For instance, a low hematocrit (anemia) can artificially increase the ESR. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is often used alongside ESR as it responds more quickly to inflammatory changes.
Lab ranges are statistical averages, not biological laws. "Normal" for a 20-year-old male isn't normal for a 60-year-old female.
Clinical References
Source-of-truth databases and clinical guidelines for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR):
Official Sources
Research & Guidelines
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Medically Reviewed by Dr. Binoy Babu, MBBS
Board Certified Doctor • 10+ Years Clinical Experience
Dr. Babu is a practicing physician dedicated to empowering patients with clear, actionable medical information. He founded 2opi to bridge the gap between complex lab reports and patient understanding, ensuring everyone has access to a reliable second opinion.
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