LH, FSH, PRL Profile

Function

This profile measures three critical hormones regulated by the pituitary gland: Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Prolactin (PRL). LH and FSH are gonadotropins that coordinate the reproductive cycle in women (ovulation) and sperm production in men. Prolactin primarily regulates lactation but also modulates the reproductive axis.

Why it is Ordered

The profile is standard for evaluating infertility, menstrual irregularities (amenorrhea), and pituitary disorders. In women, it helps diagnose Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), where the LH:FSH ratio is often elevated, or Premature Ovarian Failure, characterized by high FSH. In men, it assesses low libido or erectile dysfunction. Prolactin is specifically checked to rule out prolactinomas (benign tumors) which can suppress LH/FSH and cause infertility.

Associated Conditions

• Hyperprolactinemia: Elevated prolactin causing milk discharge (galactorrhea) or infertility.
• Menopause/Ovarian Failure: Marked by significant elevations in FSH and LH.
• Hypopituitarism: Low levels of all three hormones indicating pituitary exhaustion.
• PCOS: Often characterized by an LH to FSH ratio greater than 2:1 or 3:1.