Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
- Sample Type
- Standard
- Fasting
- No
- Unit
- mm/hr
ESR measures the distance red blood cells fall in a tube over one hour. In an Arthritis Basic Screen, it serves as a non-specific marker of systemic inflammation. Inflammation increases the concentration of fibrinogen and other acute-phase proteins, which causes RBCs to clump (rouleaux formation) and sink faster. While it cannot pinpoint the cause, it is vital for monitoring disease activity in conditions like Rheumatoid Arthritis or Polymyalgia Rheumatica.
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Why Context Matters
ESR is highly sensitive but poorly specific. It is naturally higher in females, increases with age, and is influenced by anemia, pregnancy, and obesity, which can lead to false positives for inflammatory disease.
Lab ranges are statistical averages, not biological laws. "Normal" for a 20-year-old male isn't normal for a 60-year-old female.
Clinical References
Source-of-truth databases and clinical guidelines for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR):
Official Sources
- ESR: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaMedlinePlus
Research & Guidelines
Related Indicators
Medically Reviewed by Dr. Binoy Babu, MBBS
Board Certified Doctor • 10+ Years Clinical Experience
Dr. Babu is a practicing physician dedicated to empowering patients with clear, actionable medical information. He founded 2opi to bridge the gap between complex lab reports and patient understanding, ensuring everyone has access to a reliable second opinion.
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