Arthritis Basic Screen

Function

The Arthritis Basic Screen is a multi-parameter diagnostic tool designed to detect systemic inflammation and specific biomarkers associated with autoimmune joint disorders. Typically, this screen includes Rheumatoid Factor (RF), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), and sometimes Uric Acid. These tests work together to distinguish between inflammatory arthritis, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), and non-inflammatory conditions like osteoarthritis.

Why it is Ordered

Physicians order this profile when a patient presents with persistent joint pain, morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes, swelling in the small joints of the hands or feet, or unexplained fatigue. It is essential for:

• Differential Diagnosis: Distinguishing between autoimmune causes and metabolic causes (like gout).
• Baseline Assessment: Establishing the severity of inflammation before starting treatment.
• Monitoring: Tracking the effectiveness of Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs).

Associated Conditions

• Rheumatoid Arthritis: An autoimmune disease where the body attacks joint linings.
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A multi-organ autoimmune disease that often manifests with joint pain.
• Gout: Caused by high uric acid levels leading to crystal deposition.
• Ankylosing Spondylitis: Chronic inflammation affecting the spine and large joints.

Summary of Markers

1. RF: An antibody found in approximately 70-80% of RA patients.
2. CRP: A protein produced by the liver that rises rapidly during acute inflammation.
3. ESR: Measures how quickly red blood cells settle, indicating chronic inflammatory states.