Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia is a condition in which the sodium concentration in the blood is abnormally high. It usually occurs due to dehydration or excessive water loss, and can lead to neurological symptoms.
Common Symptoms
- Extreme thirst
- Confusion
- Muscle twitching
- Seizures
- Lethargy
Clinical Sources
- Hyponatremia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & TreatmentCleveland Clinic
- Sodium Blood Test: MedlinePlus Medical TestMedlinePlus
Diagnostic Lab Tests
Tests commonly used to diagnose or monitor Hypernatremia:
Urine Sodium
Sodium is the primary extracellular electrolyte responsible for maintaining osmotic pressu...
Chloride
Chloride is the major extracellular anion and works closely with sodium to maintain osmoti...
Urine Specific Gravity
Urine Specific Gravity (USG) measures the concentration of particles in the urine compared...
Chlorides
Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood. It helps maintain the bal...
Urine Osmolality
Urine Osmolality is a precise measurement of the concentration of dissolved particles in t...
Creatinine, Urine
Creatinine is a waste product from the normal breakdown of muscle tissue and is filtered b...
Osmolality (Serum)
Serum Osmolality measures the concentration of dissolved particles in the blood, primarily...
Platelet Count (PLT)
Platelets (thrombocytes) are specialized cell fragments essential for hemostasis (blood cl...
Chloride, Urine
Urine Chloride is a vital measurement for evaluating the body's acid-base balance and elec...
Potassium
Potassium (K+) is the primary intracellular cation, essential for maintaining the resting ...
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA)
CEA is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion. While primarily associated with colorecta...
CSF Biochemical Analysis
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless liquid that bathes the brain and spinal co...
Chloride
Serum Chloride is a major extracellular anion that works closely with sodium, potassium, a...
Serum CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen)
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion. It is normally...
Aldosterone-Renin Ratio
The Aldosterone-Renin Ratio (ARR) is the most reliable screening test for Primary Aldoster...
Potassium
Potassium is a critical mineral and electrolyte that facilitates nerve transmission and th...
Benedict's Test
Benedict's test is a biochemical assay used to detect the presence of reducing sugars in t...
Osmolality (Urine)
Urine osmolality is a measure of the concentration of particles dissolved in the urine, pr...
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion. It is normally...
Serum Electrolytes
Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals found in your blood and other body fluids. ...
Aldosterone
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. Its primary function is t...
Plasma Renin Activity
Plasma Renin Activity (PRA) measures the capacity of the enzyme renin to generate angioten...
Platelet Count
Platelets, or thrombocytes, are small cell fragments in the blood that are essential for n...
Fluid Chlorides
Chloride is a major extracellular anion that helps maintain osmotic pressure, acid-base ba...
Serum Osmolality
Serum osmolality is a measure of the concentration of dissolved particles in the blood, pr...
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells. It plays a crit...
Sodium
Sodium is the primary extracellular cation and is essential for maintaining osmotic pressu...
BCR/ABL Quantitative PCR
The BCR-ABL1 quantitative test measures the amount of the BCR-ABL1 fusion transcript in th...
Sodium
Sodium is the primary extracellular cation and is critical for maintaining osmotic pressur...
Bleeding Time and Clotting Time
The Bleeding Time (BT) and Clotting Time (CT) tests are fundamental screening tools used t...
Bleeding Time (Ivy Method)
Bleeding Time is a functional test that assesses the primary hemostatic response, which in...
Uric Acid
Uric Acid is the metabolic byproduct of purine degradation. In an Arthritis Basic Screen, ...
Sodium, Urine (24-Hour)
Urine Sodium measurement is a vital tool in assessing renal handling of electrolytes and v...
Plasma Aldosterone
Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates s...
Serum Sodium
Sodium is the primary extracellular electrolyte and is vital for maintaining fluid balance...
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure (BP) measures the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries....
Amphetamines
This component of a toxicology panel screens for the presence of amphetamine-class stimula...
HIV RNA PCR
The HIV RNA PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) test, often called a 'Viral Load' test, is a m...
Specific Gravity
Specific Gravity (SG) measures the ratio of the density of urine to the density of water. ...
Urine Electrolytes
Urine Electrolyte testing measures the concentration of minerals—specifically sodium (Na),...
Basic Kidney Profile
The Basic Kidney Profile (often referred to as Renal Function Test) measures key electroly...
Urine For Spot Sodium
Sodium is a critical electrolyte that regulates the amount of water in the body and plays ...
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