Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
AKI is a sudden episode of kidney failure or kidney damage that happens within a few hours or a few days. AKI causes a buildup of waste products in your blood and can affect other organs.
Common Symptoms
- Decreased urine output
- Swelling in legs/ankles
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Shortness of breath
Clinical Sources
- Kidney Failure: Stages, ESRD, Causes, Symptoms & TreatmentCleveland Clinic
Diagnostic Lab Tests
Tests commonly used to diagnose or monitor Acute Kidney Injury (AKI):
Urine Sodium
Sodium is the primary extracellular electrolyte responsible for maintaining osmotic pressu...
24-Hour Urine Albumin
Albumin is a major protein found in the blood. In healthy kidneys, the filtering units (gl...
Epithelial Cells
This component of a urinalysis identifies cells shedding from the urinary tract. Squamous ...
Urine Specific Gravity
Urine Specific Gravity (USG) measures the concentration of particles in the urine compared...
Crystals
The identification of crystals in urine (crystalluria) is a crucial component of a microsc...
Neutrophils (Absolute)
Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) measures the actual number of neutrophil granulocytes in t...
Chlorides
Chloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the blood. It helps maintain the bal...
Crystals
The identification of crystals in urine (crystalluria) is a key component of a routine uri...
Urine Osmolality
Urine Osmolality is a precise measurement of the concentration of dissolved particles in t...
Creatinine, Urine
Creatinine is a waste product from the normal breakdown of muscle tissue and is filtered b...
Osmolality (Serum)
Serum Osmolality measures the concentration of dissolved particles in the blood, primarily...
Neutrophils (DC)
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of White Blood Cell (WBC) and serve as the primary ...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant protein found in blood plasma, produced exclusively by the li...
Neutrophils
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell type and the first responders to the si...
Urine Clarity
Clarity (or turbidity) is a physical characteristic assessed during a routine urinalysis. ...
Creatinine Clearance Test
The Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) test is used to estimate the Glomerular Filtration Rate (G...
Chloride, Urine
Urine Chloride is a vital measurement for evaluating the body's acid-base balance and elec...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure ...
Potassium
Potassium (K+) is the primary intracellular cation, essential for maintaining the resting ...
BRAF V600 Mutation Analysis
The BRAF gene provides instructions for making a protein that helps transmit chemical sign...
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
BUN measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from the waste product urea. I...
Creatinine
Creatinine is a waste product produced by the muscles from the breakdown of a compound cal...
Medcis Male Profile
The Medcis Male Profile is a comprehensive diagnostic panel specifically designed to evalu...
Neutrophils (Relative)
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and serve as the primary respon...
Urine For Urea
Urea is the primary nitrogenous waste product of protein catabolism in humans. Produced in...
CSF Biochemical Analysis
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless liquid that bathes the brain and spinal co...
24-Hours Urine For Creatinine
Creatinine is a waste product produced at a constant rate by the breakdown of creatine pho...
Urine Creatinine
Urine Creatinine measures the amount of creatinine (a byproduct of muscle metabolism) excr...
EGFR by ARMS PCR
The EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) mutation test using ARMS PCR (Amplification Re...
24-Hour Urine for Creatinine Clearance Test
The Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) test measures how effectively the kidneys filter creatinin...
eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)
The eGFR is the gold standard for assessing overall kidney function and staging Chronic Ki...
Urine Protein / Creatinine Ratio
The Urine Protein/Creatinine Ratio (UPCR) is a diagnostic tool used to estimate the amount...
Serum Creatinine
Serum Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism excreted primarily by the kidneys...
Urine pH
Urine pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of a urine sample. It is a critical component ...
Chloride
Serum Chloride is a major extracellular anion that works closely with sodium, potassium, a...
Creatinine
Creatinine is a byproduct of creatine phosphate metabolism in muscle and is excreted prima...
Protein Creatinine Ratio
The Protein Creatinine Ratio (PCR) is a diagnostic tool used to estimate the amount of pro...
Urine For Sugar
The 'Urine for Sugar' test, commonly referred to as a glucose urine test, measures the amo...
Beta HCG (Tumor Marker)
While Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is most famous as the 'pregnancy hormone,' its Be...
Osmolality (Urine)
Urine osmolality is a measure of the concentration of particles dissolved in the urine, pr...
GIST Mutation Analysis Exon 9 & Exon 11
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the dige...
Serum Electrolytes
Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals found in your blood and other body fluids. ...
Kidney Biopsy Panel 1
A Kidney Biopsy Panel involves the microscopic examination of renal tissue, typically usin...
Complete Urine Examination
The Complete Urine Examination (CUE), also known as Urinalysis, is a fundamental diagnosti...
Creatinine
Creatinine measurement in Ascitic Fluid is a specialized diagnostic tool used primarily to...
Lactate
Lactate (lactic acid) is a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, produced when cells do not r...
Urine For Occult Blood
The Urine Occult Blood test (often part of a dipstick urinalysis) is designed to detect th...
Urobilinogen - Urine
Urobilinogen is a colorless byproduct of bilirubin reduction. It is formed in the intestin...
Free Triiodothyronine (FT3)
FT3 is the metabolically active, unbound fraction of T3. While T4 is more abundant, T3 is ...
Appearance
The visual assessment of urine clarity is a fundamental part of a urinalysis. Normal urine...
Her2/neu By FISH
HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2) by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FIS...
Liquid Biopsy EGFR
Liquid Biopsy for EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) is a non-invasive test that anal...
Leukocyte Esterase
Leukocyte Esterase is an enzyme produced by white blood cells (neutrophils). Its presence ...
Pdgfra Mutation Analysis - Gist (Qualitative)
This molecular test analyzes the PDGFRA (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha) ge...
Serum Osmolality
Serum osmolality is a measure of the concentration of dissolved particles in the blood, pr...
Squamous Epithelial Cells (Urine)
Squamous epithelial cells are large, flat cells that line the outermost part of the urethr...
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells. It plays a crit...
EGFR Gene Mutation Analysis
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a protein on the surface of cells that help...
Urine Routine
A routine urinalysis (Urine Routine) is a fundamental diagnostic tool used to assess the c...
Neutrophils
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and serve as the primary respon...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma and is synthesized exclusively ...
KRAS Gene Analysis
The KRAS gene analysis looks for mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homol...
Free Beta-human Chorionic Gonadotropin (Free Beta-hCG)
Free Beta-hCG is the unbound subunit of the hCG hormone. In the context of a Dual Marker s...
Blood Urea
Blood Urea is a waste product formed in the liver when protein is broken down into amino a...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, synthesized exclusively by the liver. In a Li...
Total Triiodothyronine (T3)
T3 is the metabolically active form of thyroid hormone. While T4 is more abundant, T3 is s...
Neutrophils
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell type and act as the primary defense aga...
Urine For Spot Creatinine
Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscle metabolism at a relatively constant rate....
Bilirubin (Urine)
Under normal physiological conditions, bilirubin (specifically conjugated bilirubin) is no...
Neutrophils (%)
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and serve as the primary respon...
EGFR Mutation Analysis
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a protein on the surface of cells that help...
Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Serum
IgG is the most abundant antibody in the serum. In an Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) Panel, Ig...
Sodium, Urine (24-Hour)
Urine Sodium measurement is a vital tool in assessing renal handling of electrolytes and v...
Antimitochondrial Antibody (AMA)
Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) are highly specific biomarkers primarily used in the di...
Neutrophils (Absolute)
The Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) measures the actual number of neutrophils—the most abu...
Anti Mitochondrial Antibody (ELISA)
The Anti-Mitochondrial Antibody (AMA) test is a serological marker primarily used to detec...
Urine Electrolytes
Urine Electrolyte testing measures the concentration of minerals—specifically sodium (Na),...
Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH)
Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is a protein hormone produced by the granulosa cells within t...
Basic Kidney Profile
The Basic Kidney Profile (often referred to as Renal Function Test) measures key electroly...
NRAS Gene Analysis
The NRAS Gene Analysis test identifies mutations in the NRAS gene, which belongs to the RA...
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) measures the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. Urea is a was...
Yeasts
In a Complete Stool Examination, the microscopic identification of yeast (typically Candid...
Cell Block Preparation
Cell Block Preparation is a technique used in cytopathology to process fluid specimens int...
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