Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions. The liver becomes permanently damaged and can no longer function properly, leading to severe health complications.
Common Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Loss of appetite
- Jaundice
- Swelling in legs (edema)
Clinical Sources
- Cirrhosis of the Liver: What It Is, Symptom & TreatmentCleveland Clinic
- Cirrhosis: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaMedlinePlus
Diagnostic Lab Tests
Tests commonly used to diagnose or monitor Cirrhosis:
24-Hour Urine Albumin
Albumin is a major protein found in the blood. In healthy kidneys, the filtering units (gl...
CSF Albumin
Albumin is not produced in the central nervous system; therefore, its presence in the Cere...
Albumin/Globulin (A/G) Ratio
The Albumin/Globulin (A/G) ratio is a calculated value used to evaluate the balance betwee...
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
The Complete Blood Count (CBC) is a fundamental diagnostic panel that measures the various...
Blood Cell Morphology
Blood Cell Morphology is a qualitative microscopic examination of a blood smear. A patholo...
Triple Screen Marker Test
The Triple Screen, also known as the Kettering test or Bart's test, is a prenatal blood te...
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV)
MPV measures the average size of platelets in the blood. Younger platelets are generally l...
Urine For Albumin
Albumin is a protein typically found in high concentrations in the blood. In healthy kidne...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant protein found in blood plasma, produced exclusively by the li...
Platelet Count (PLT)
Platelets (thrombocytes) are specialized cell fragments essential for hemostasis (blood cl...
Platelet Count
Platelets (thrombocytes) are small cell fragments essential for primary hemostasis. When b...
Specific IgE - Egg White
This test measures the concentration of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies directed specifi...
Direct Bilirubin
Direct (conjugated) bilirubin measures the portion of bilirubin that has been processed by...
Bile Pigments (Urinary Bilirubin)
Bilirubin should not be detectable in the urine of a healthy individual. Because only conj...
Total Protein
Total protein measures the combined amount of albumin and globulins in the serum. In the c...
Fibrinogen
Fibrinogen, also known as Factor I, is a glycoprotein produced by the liver that plays a c...
Alpha-2 Globulin
The Alpha-2 globulin fraction consists primarily of Alpha-2 Macroglobulin and Haptoglobin....
Platelet Count
Platelets (thrombocytes) are essential for primary hemostasis and clot formation. Within a...
Urobilinogen
Urobilinogen is a colorless byproduct of bilirubin reduction by intestinal bacteria. Most ...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure ...
Specific IgE - Codfish
This test measures the level of allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in the...
Proteins & A/G Ratio
This test measures Total Protein in the blood, which is composed primarily of Albumin and ...
Urobilinogen
Urobilinogen is a byproduct of bilirubin reduction by intestinal bacteria. Most is excrete...
Globulin
Globulin is a calculated value (Total Protein minus Albumin). It comprises diverse protein...
Complete Blood Picture
The Complete Blood Picture (CBP), also known as a Complete Blood Count (CBC), is one of th...
Urine Bence Jones Proteins
Bence Jones proteins are monoclonal globulin proteins (free light chains) produced by neop...
Ascitic Fluid Total Protein
This test measures the concentration of protein in fluid accumulated in the abdominal cavi...
Platelet Count
Platelets (thrombocytes) are cell fragments essential for blood clotting and hemostasis. T...
Urine Protein / Creatinine Ratio
The Urine Protein/Creatinine Ratio (UPCR) is a diagnostic tool used to estimate the amount...
Protein Creatinine Ratio
The Protein Creatinine Ratio (PCR) is a diagnostic tool used to estimate the amount of pro...
Phospholipid Screen IgG, IgM
The Phospholipid Screen (specifically Cardiolipin antibodies) detects autoantibodies produ...
Protein
Protein in a urine routine (proteinuria) is a fundamental indicator of renal health. In a ...
Total Bilirubin
Bilirubin is a yellowish pigment formed during the normal breakdown of red blood cells (he...
Beta HCG (Tumor Marker)
While Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is most famous as the 'pregnancy hormone,' its Be...
Protein Electrophoresis
Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP) is a laboratory technique used to separate the protei...
Ascitic Fluid Bilirubin
Measuring bilirubin in ascitic fluid is a specialized test used to diagnose biliary perfor...
pH (Ascitic Fluid)
The pH of ascitic fluid is a critical marker in Ascitic Fluid Biochemical Analysis, primar...
Liver Function Test Without GGT
The Liver Function Test (LFT) without GGT is a panel of blood tests used to evaluate the h...
Albumin (SPEP)
In Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP), albumin represents the largest and fastest-moving...
Peripheral Smear
A Peripheral Smear (or Peripheral Blood Film) is a manual microscopic examination of a thi...
JAK-2 Mutation (Exon 14, 12)
The Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) gene provides instructions for making a protein that promotes th...
Bilirubin
Bilirubin in the urine (bilirubinuria) is always considered an abnormal finding. Only conj...
Complete Urine Examination
The Complete Urine Examination (CUE), also known as Urinalysis, is a fundamental diagnosti...
Quad Marker Screen
The Quad Marker Screen is a prenatal blood test performed during the second trimester (usu...
Fluid Albumin
Fluid Albumin measurement is essential for calculating the Serum-Ascites Albumin Gradient ...
Serum Electrophoresis
Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP) is a laboratory technique used to separate proteins i...
Protein (Urine)
Measuring protein in the urine is a primary screen for kidney function. Normally, the glom...
Urobilinogen - Urine
Urobilinogen is a colorless byproduct of bilirubin reduction. It is formed in the intestin...
Platelet Count
Platelets, or thrombocytes, are small cell fragments in the blood that are essential for n...
Free Testosterone
Free Testosterone measures the amount of testosterone in the blood that is not bound to Se...
Serum Protein Electrophoresis
Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP) is a laboratory technique that separates proteins in ...
24 Hours Urine Protein
The 24-hour urine protein test measures the total amount of protein excreted in the urine ...
Total Proteins
The Total Protein test measures the cumulative amount of albumin and globulin in the blood...
Albumin
Albumin in ascitic fluid is primarily measured to calculate the Serum-Ascites Albumin Grad...
Ionized Calcium
Ionized calcium represents the 'free' form of calcium in the blood that is not bound to pr...
Urine For Spot Protein
The Urine Spot Protein test measures the concentration of proteins, primarily albumin, in ...
Bile Salts & Pigments - Urine
This test detects the presence of bile salts and bile pigments (specifically conjugated bi...
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV)
MPV measures the average size of platelets in the blood. Since larger platelets are typica...
Urine Routine
A routine urinalysis (Urine Routine) is a fundamental diagnostic tool used to assess the c...
Peripheral Blood Morphology
Peripheral Blood Morphology, often referred to as a peripheral blood smear, is a diagnosti...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma and is synthesized exclusively ...
Bilirubin (Total And Direct)
Bilirubin is a yellowish pigment made during the normal breakdown of red blood cells (hemo...
Total Protein
Total Protein measures the combined amount of albumin and globulins in the serum. Within a...
Egg White (Specific IgE)
Egg white is one of the most common food allergens, especially in children. This test meas...
Ascitic Fluid For Proteins
Measuring protein levels in ascitic fluid (fluid buildup in the abdomen) is a critical ste...
Prothrombin Time
Prothrombin Time (PT) measures how long it takes for the liquid portion (plasma) of your b...
Ascitic Fluid Biochemical Analysis
Ascitic fluid biochemical analysis involves the laboratory evaluation of fluid accumulated...
Blood Urea
Blood Urea is a waste product formed in the liver when protein is broken down into amino a...
Platelet Count (PLT)
Platelets (thrombocytes) are essential components of the Hemostatic system, responsible fo...
Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, synthesized exclusively by the liver. In a Li...
Bleeding Time and Clotting Time
The Bleeding Time (BT) and Clotting Time (CT) tests are fundamental screening tools used t...
Globulin
Globulins are a diverse group of proteins in the blood that play vital roles in liver func...
Urine For Spot Creatinine
Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscle metabolism at a relatively constant rate....
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)
AFP is a protein normally produced by the fetal liver and yolk sac. In the context of an O...
Hemoglobin, Total Count, Differential Count, and Platelet Count
This panel, often referred to as a Complete Blood Count (CBC) component, evaluates the thr...
Urobilinogen
Urobilinogen is a byproduct of bilirubin reduction by intestinal bacteria. In a Complete U...
Bilirubin (Urine)
Under normal physiological conditions, bilirubin (specifically conjugated bilirubin) is no...
Serum Haptoglobulin
Haptoglobin is a protein produced by the liver that functions as a scavenger for free hemo...
Urine Microalbumin
The Urine Microalbumin test measures very small amounts of albumin, a protein typically fo...
Albumin
In Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP), Albumin appears as the largest, tallest peak. It ...
Specific IgE - Cow's Milk
This test measures the concentration of allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodie...
Hemoglobin, TC, DC, ESR & Platelet Count
This panel is a comprehensive hematological assessment. It includes Hemoglobin (Hb) for ox...
Pleural Fluid - Biochemical Analysis
Biochemical analysis of pleural fluid is a comprehensive battery of tests performed on flu...
Complete Blood Count
The Complete Blood Count (CBC) is one of the most common and essential diagnostic tests in...
Albumin/Globulin (A/G) Ratio
The A/G ratio is a calculated value derived from a Serum Protein Electrophoresis or Liver ...
Urine - Fatty Casts & Droplets
The detection of fatty casts and lipid droplets in urine is a specific microscopic finding...
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Ascitic Fluid
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) in ascitic fluid is a key marker used to differentiate between...
Stool Color
Stool color is a primary physical observation in a Complete Stool Examination. It provides...
Testosterone
Testosterone is the primary androgenic steroid hormone. In males, it is mainly produced in...
Egg White Specific IgE
The Egg White Specific IgE test measures the concentration of IgE antibodies specifically ...
Total Bilirubin
Total Bilirubin is a measurement of the sum of conjugated (direct) and unconjugated (indir...
Urine Color
The color of urine is a primary physical characteristic evaluated during a Urine Routine e...
Total Protein
Serum Total Protein measures the combined amount of albumin and globulins. It is a vital m...
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein produced primarily by the liver and yolk sac of a dev...
Total Bilirubin
Total Bilirubin measures the sum of conjugated (direct) and unconjugated (indirect) biliru...
A/G Ratio (Albumin/Globulin Ratio)
The A/G ratio is a calculated value comparing the amount of Albumin to Globulins (Total Pr...
Pandy's Test
Pandy’s test is a bedside qualitative diagnostic test used to detect elevated levels of pr...
Total Protein
As part of Serum Electrophoresis, Total Protein represents the sum of Albumin and all Glob...
Platelet Count
Platelets are essential for primary hemostasis and thrombus formation. In a COVID Panel He...
A/G Ratio
The A/G ratio is a calculated value representing the relationship between two major types ...
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